Use of waste material as aggregates in civil engineering applications is beneficial because it reduces the environmental impact and economic cost of quarrying operations, processing, and transport.
Reuse of construction and demolition waste is becoming increasingly desirable due to rising hauling costs and tipping fees for putting this material into landfills(Robinson, Menzie, & Hyun, 2004). In recent years, sustainable construction initiatives have also made reuse of construction and demolition debris (as aggregates and otherwise) an appealing option when considering design alternatives for many types of structures (Taylor & Morrissey, 2004).
Incorporating these aggregates into cementitious materials is practical, as cementitious materials are non-homogeneous composites that allow material of different sizes and compositions to be bound in a cementitious matrix. Typical structural clay products are building bricks, paving bricks, roofing tiles etc. These products are made from commonly occurring natural materials, which are mixed with water, formed into the desired shape, and fired in a kiln in order to give the clay mixture a permanent bond. With the large amount of brick masonry or ceramic waste produced in the country, this material may provide a significant source of aggregates that can be used to produce more sustainable concrete.
Benefits
In addition to reducing the amount of waste that is land filled (and become an environmental hazard), other benefits can be realized as well. Brick aggregates are lighter than normal weight aggregates, and would provide haul cost savings. Concrete that incorporates brick aggregates is also lighter than normal weight concrete, would also be cheaper to transport, and can significantly reduce the self weight of a structure. Brick aggregates also have the potential to enhance the fire performance of concrete due to their thermal expansion and conductivity properties.
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